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Master of Electronic Art
Spatiality and Interaction
Immersive EnvironmentsWeek twoOverview Immersive environments are computer-generated artificial spaces that one can, with the aid of various devices immerse oneselve in. Achieving this through employing 3-D computer graphic techniques, which rely on Euclidian geometry, Renaissance perspective and Cartesian conventions, has become a standard. The interface through which the immersant could access and navigate in these spaces, relied on devices, such as hand held joysticks, pointers and gloves, which can be seen as having a direct relationship to control, mastery and domination. Other technology which is available for producing immersive environments are known as spatially immersive displays such as rap-around screens or domes and the cube-shaped display rooms known as CAVES. The basic program language used to operate these spaces is C++ and OpenGL. Char Davies Ephemre (1998) and Osmose (1995), presented a radically different approach to immersive virtual space. Integrating full body immersion, Softimage 3d animation software, headmounted display units and breath sensitive interface rather than any hand held devices, the Cartesian grid existed only as a reference to technologies origin. Works like Osmose and Ephemre refer to alternative perceptual sensibilities as articulated by Guston Bachelard and take on a phenomenological approach to virtual reality. Scott Fischer , Daniel Sandin , Charlotte Davies , Graham Nicholls , Agnes Hegedus/ Bernd Lintermann/ Jeffrey Shaw , Petra Gemeinbock , Christa/ Laurent Sommerer/ Mignoooeau , Simon Penny , Stephen Jones & Severed Heads , Garth Paine , Martine Corompt & Philip Samartzis , Philip Samartzis , Pierre Schaeffer , Jeremy Yuille , David Chesworth & Sonia Leber , Scott Fisher & Elizabeth Wenzel , Ulrike Gabriel Primary Reading Fischer, Scott 1989 Virtual Environments , Artmuseum.com
Davies, C 2003 Landscape, Earth, Body, Being, Space and Time in the Immersive Virtual Environments Osmose and Ephemre in Malloy, J (ed) 2003 Women, Art, and Technology, The MIT Press, London
Davies, C., 1991, Virtual Nature in The BioApparatus: A Virtual Seminar , Banff Centre for the Arts
Krueger, Myron W 1993 Environmental technology: Making the Real World Virtual , ACM, New York
More Bachelard, G 1969 The Poetics of Space , Beacon Press, Boston Davies, C., 1991, Virtual Nature in The BioApparatus: A Virtual Seminar , Banff Centre for the Arts Casey, E 2001 Body, Self, and Landscape: A Geo-philosophical Inquiry into the Place-World in Adams, P (ed) Textures of Place: Exploring Humanist Geographies , University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Conley, V 1993 Preface and Eco-Subjects in Conley, V (ed) Rethinking Technologies, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Umberto Eco Opera Aperta essay Gigliotti, C 1995 Aesthetics of a virtual world in Leonardo: Journal of the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and technology , 28, No. 4. Hayles, NK The Seductions of Cyberspace in Conley, V 1993 Rethinking Technologies , University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Hayles, NK 1996 Embodied Virtuality: Or How to Put Bodies Back into the Picture in Moser , M Immersed in Technology: Art and Virtual Environments , MIT Press, Cambridge Huxley, H 1954 Doors of Perception , Harper & Row Jones, J 1982 Physics as Metaphor , University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Krueger, Myron W 1993 The Artistic Origins of Virtual Reality , Siggraph Visual Proceedings, ACM, New York Krueger, M Artificial Reality (Addison-Wesley, 1983), and significantly updated as Artificial Reality II (Addison-Wesley, 1991). Leder, D 1990 The Absent Body , University of Chicago Press, Chicago Lefebvre, H 1991 The Production of Space, Blackwell, Oxford McLuhan, M. & Parker, H 1969 Through the Vanishing Point: Space in Poetry and Painting , Harper & Row, NY Popper, Frank From Technological to Virtual Art , The MIT Press Covers the development of immersive and interactive media. He argues that contemporary virtual art moves towards humanization of technology through its emphasis on interactivity Overture: Through the Looking Glass , Art Museum.net
Turner, J 2002 Myron Krueger Live , ctheory
May 2004: The Living Image , a Virtual Reality Installation at The Science Museum, London, UK on CAVE: Cruz-Neira, C, Sandin, D (et al) 1992 The Cave: Audio Visual Experience Automatic Virtual Environment , ACM Press, NY Grau, O The Database of Virtual Art for an Expanded Concept of Documentation
Zhang, Lianne 2006 Making Space: Discovering immersive art , Buzz magazine
on Heidegger: Coyne, R 1994 Heidegger & Virtual Reality: The Implications of Heidegger's Thinking for Computer Representations in Leonardo: Journal of the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology . 27 (1), MIT Press, Cambridge Heideggar, Charles The Turning suggests that the danger associated with technology, i.e. its will to control, can be turned around by reaching back to an earlier techné , called poiesis by the Greeks, associated with a bringing-forth into presence Heidegger, Charles 1977 The Question Concerning Technology , Harper & Row New York Lovitt, William 1977 The Question Concerning Technology and Other Essays , Harper Torchbooks Heidegger and Technology Links
Dreyfus, Hubert L 1997 Highway Bridges and Feasts : Heidegger and Borgmann on How to Affirm Technology , from 1997 After Postmodernism Conference Coyne, Richard 1994 Heidegger & Virtual Reality: The Implications of Heidegger's Thinking for Computer Representation
Coyne, Richard 1998 Cyberspace and Heidegger's Pragmatics , Information Technology and People, Special Issue: Heidegger and Information Technology, 11
on embodiment in relation to spatiality - a phenomenological perspective Merleau-Ponty, M 1964 Eye and Mind , in The Primacy of Perception, Northwestern U. Press, Evanston, Ill Kirby, V 1997 Telling Flesh: The Substance of the Corporea l, Routledge, New York Krell, DF 1997 ArcheTICture: Ecstasies of Space, Time and the Human Body , State University of New York Press, Albany Leder, D 1990 The Absent Body , University of Chicago Press, Chicago Nast, HJ and Kobayashi, A 1996 Re-corporealizing Vision in Duncan, N (ed) Bodyspace , Routledge, New York
on Osmose McRobert, Laurie Char Davies' Immersive Art and the Essence of Spatiality: Elemental Dynamics in Osmose and Ephémère Davies, Char 2004 Virtual Space in Penz, F Radick G and Howell, R (eds) SPACE in Science, Art and Society , Cambridge Universty Press England Davies , Cha r Changing Space: Virtual reality as an Arena of Embodied Being , in Beckman, John (ed) 1998 The Virtual Dimension: Architecture, Representation and Crash Culture , Princeton Architectural Press, Boston Davies, C and Harrison, J 1996 Osmose : Towards Broadening The Aesthetics Of Virtual Reality, in Computer Graphics : Virtual Reality, 30 No. 4.
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